Author(s): Martinovich, V.
Title: Pórsáfrány-légy (Acanthiopilus helianthi Rossi) a Centaurea mag természetes kártevője Magyarországon (Dipt., Trypetidae)
Year: 1966
Volume: 19
Pages: 375-402.
Abstract: Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi is the greatest hindrance of flower-seed-breeding of Centaurea cyanus and C. moschata in Hungary. The fly caused in some years (1958-59) in Budatétény a loss of seeds of 70-80 per cent. The paper is dealing with the morphology and biology of the fly. Ovum is long-shaped, 1 mm of lenght, 0,20 mm of breadth, coloured white. Larva hatching of the egg is 0,8-1 mm, in stage L2 1,8 mm, is stage L3 3 mm long. The lenght of pupa is 3-4 mm, its breadth 1 mm. During our investigations pupae of three shades of colour were found: there were some entirely brown, others at the ends and white ones. The fly occurs in the country anywhere, its host-plant can be found. Its flying time lasts in Hungary from the beginning of May till the end of October. It is an eurychron species with two generations. Second generation is overwintering. During our investigations the yearly number of female individuals showed ti be greater as that of the males. The flies arrived at sexual maturity the second day after hatching and copulated. Their egg-laying is bound to the bud-stage of the Centaurea genus.One female is laying 16 eggs in average; max. 25 min. 15 eggs. To lay 1 egg she needs 40-60 seconds. One female can infect more than one bud. Most intensive egg-laying was obeserved at a temperatur of 20-24 Cº. Its embryonic development at an average emperatur of 19 Cº lasted 2-3 days. The entire developments of larvae at an average temperature of 20 Cº needs 17-20 days. The larva hatching from the egg is feeding with the tubuliferous or raylowers or with the generative organs of the flowers; then in the stage L2 with seeds of Centaurea. 4-5 larvae are totally damging the seedproduction of a Centaurea cyanus. One larva os consuming during its development about 5 seeds. Its pupa-stage lasts at a temperature of 21,3-24,1 Cº in average 10 days. It is an olygophag insect, Hungary 24 hostplants of it are known among which the Centurea-genus is represented in the highest quantity. Its natural parasites pertain to the Braconidae and Chalcididae. In Hungary 8 genera were established of Dimeromicrus kiesenwetteri Mayr was described first by us. Acanthiophilus helianthi larva were infected in a per cent of 6,3-7,1 by the parasites. Its episite is the ant Tetramorium caespitum L.
Journal: Folia entomologica hungarica
Journal abbreviation: Folia ent. hung.
ISSN: 0373-9465
Publisher: ,
Editor(s): Steinmann, H.